The nerve pierces the deep fascia to enter the anterior compartment of the leg, where it provides cutaneous innervation to the distal anterolateral leg and dorsum of the foot.This module contains 119 illustrations with 640 anatomical structures labeled. The superficial fibular nerve descends through the lateral compartment of the leg, providing motor innervation to the fibularis (peroneus) longus and brevis muscles. Originates at the bifurcation of the common fibular nerve. The deep fibular nerve continues distally across the dorsum of the foot, and provides motor innervation to the extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallucis brevis muscles and provides cutaneous innervation to the skin between digits 1 and 2. The deep fibular nerve provides motor innervation to the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg (tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, and fibularis tertius muscles). The nerve descends deep to the extensor digitorum longus and courses along the anterior interosseous membrane with the anterior tibial artery. Originates at the bifurcation of the common fibular nerve and courses into the anterior compartment of the leg. Originates from the common fibular nerve and courses superficially to provide cutaneous innervation to the proximal lateral region of the leg. Lateral sural nerve (lateral cutaneous nerve of the leg).The tibial nerve (L4 and L5) innervates this muscle. The tibialis posterior muscle inverts and plantarflexes the foot, providing support to the medial arch of the foot during walking. Attaches proximally to the interosseous membrane and the tibia and fibula distally, it attaches to the navicular bone, all cuneiform bones, and metatarsals 2 to 4. The tibial nerve (S2 and S3) innervates this muscle. The flexor digitorum longus muscle flexes digits 2 to 5. Attaches proximally to the tibia distally, it attaches to the distal phalanges of digits 2 to 5. The flexor hallucis longus muscle flexes the great toe. Attaches proximally to the posterior surface of the fibula and the interosseous membrane distally, it attaches to the distal phalanx of the great toe. The tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1) innervates this muscle. The popliteus muscle unlocks the knee joint (it laterally rotates the femur on a fixed tibia). Attaches proximally to the posterior surface of the proximal tibia distally, it attaches to the lateral femoral condyle. The deep fibular nerve (L5 and S1) innervates this muscle. The fibularis tertius muscle dorsiflexes and everts the foot. Attaches proximally to the distal part of the fibula distally, it attaches to the base of metatarsal 5. The extensor hallucis longus muscle extends the great toe and dorsiflexes the foot. Attaches proximally on the fibula and interosseous membrane distally, it attaches to the distal phalanx of the great toe. The extensor digitorum longus muscle extends lateral digits 2 to 4 and dorsiflexes the foot at the ankle joint. Attaches proximally on the fibula and lateral tibial condyle distally, it attaches to the dorsal digital expansions into digits 2 to 5. The deep fibular nerve (L4 and L5) innervates this muscle. The tibialis anterior muscle dorsiflexes the foot at the ankle joint and inverts the foot. Attaches proximally to the tibia and interosseous membrane distally, it attaches to the medial cuneiform and the base of metatarsal 1. Inversion and plantarflexion of foot support of medial arch of foot during walking Navicular, all cuneiform bones, and metatarsals 2–4 Posterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane Unlocks knee joint laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia Posterior compartment of the leg (deep group) Posterior aspect of tibia (soleal line) and posterior aspect of fibular head and shaft Via calcaneal tendon to posterior surface of calcaneus bone Lateral head: superior to lateral femoral condyle Medial head: superior to medial femoral condyle Posterior compartment of the leg (superficial group) Via dorsal digital expansions into digits 2–5Įxtension of lateral digits 2–5 and dorsiflexion of footĮxtension of great tow and dorsiflexion of foot Medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal 1ĭorsiflexion of foot at ankle joint inversion of foot
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